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PANCE/PANRE Prep Course Created by Yale Students Who Scored Perfect. Includes Online Course, Qbank, Flashcards, EKG

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Course

Gain a solid understanding of clinical concepts for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. This PANCE/PANRE course delivers focused, high-quality content, ensuring you grasp key material without feeling overwhelmed.

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Master high-yield clinical concepts with detailed case-based questions. Designed for PANCE, this Qbank enhances your ability to apply knowledge effectively, improving diagnosis, management skills, and exam confidence.

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Quickly review essential clinical topics with concise flashcards. Tailored for PANCE, these high-yield tools help reinforce learning and retain critical information, boosting your exam success.

EKG

Master the principles of EKG, including key components and interpretations. Tailored for PANCE, this course builds skills to diagnose and manage cardiac conditions using EKG tracings.

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High-Yield Clinical Knowledge Master PANCE essentials with focused, concise content on key concepts for effective patient care and exam success.

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Comprehensive Qbank Review Practice a wide range of clinical scenarios with case-based questions, ensuring a thorough review across essential areas of medicine for PANCE.

Critical Clinical Questions Focused questions highlight key clinical concepts, boosting recall and application for accurate diagnosis and management in real-world settings.

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Flashcard 1 of 150

A 29-year-old male presents to the emergency department due to chest pain 

  • Pain began after being tackled in a football game. He was struck over the right side of the chest
  • He also complains of shortness of breath, dysphagia, and paresthesia of the right upper extremity 
  • Vital signs are T 99 F, HR 120 bpm, BP 128/70 mm Hg, RR 30/min
  • On examination he appears to be in moderate distress. Swelling and tenderness are noted over the right side of the chest. There is reduced range of motion of the right upper extremity.
  • A CT scan of the chest is obtained and shown below

What is the most likely diagnosis and its management?

Answer

Diagnosis: Posterior sternoclavicular dislocation
Management: Urgent closed reduction

Explanation

This patient is presenting with dyspnea, dysphagia, and chest pain after a high energy collision to the chest. This should raise suspicion for several common conditions such as rib fractures, pneumothorax, and hemothorax. A relatively rare and potentially life-threatening complication of chest trauma is posterior sternoclavicular (SC) dislocation. Posterior SC dislocation is caused by a direct force over the anteromedial portion of the clavicle or an indirect force over the posterolateral shoulder. It most often occurs due to high energy collisions such as motor vehicle accidents or sports injuries (football, rugby, hockey). Patients present with pain and deformity over the anteromedial aspect of the clavicle. In some cases, compressive symptoms may also be present. These include dyspnea, dysphagia, diminished pulses, venous congestion, or neurological symptoms. SC dislocations are difficult to appreciate on plain radiographs of the chest. If there is suspicion of a SC dislocation CT of the chest should be obtained. The management of posterior SC dislocation depends on the degree of dislocation and presenting symptoms. If there are signs of airway compromise, closed reduction should be performed immediately. In all other patients, reduction is typically performed in the operating room by an orthopedic surgeon. Cardiothoracic surgery should also be available due to the potential for complications such as bleeding from a vascular injury.

Workup : CT scan of the chest

Management : Urgent closed reduction if there are signs of airway compromise. Otherwise, reduction should occur in the operating room by an orthopedic surgeon with cardiothoracic surgery backup

Miscellaneous : Sternoclavicular dislocation is uncommon in young athletes as the growth plate of the medical clavicle remains open until 25 years of age.

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Flashcard 2 of 150

A 4-year-old male is brought to the emergency department due to fussiness 

  • The mother states that he was playing with other siblings when he began crying and coughing 
  • He has been agitated for the last 2 hours and appears uncomfortable 
  • His history includes autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) 
  • Vital signs are T 98.0 F, HR 110/min, BP 98/60 mm Hg, and RR 30/min
  • Physical examination is unremarkable

A chest X-ray is ordered and shown below

What is the most likely diagnosis and its management?

Answer

Diagnosis: Button battery ingestion
Management: Endoscopic removal

Explanation

Foreign body ingestion is common in the pediatric population, particularly among children under the age of five years. The diameter of the esophagus in young children is small and predisposes to foreign body impaction. Button battery ingestion is associated with significant complications, especially if esophageal impaction occurs. Damage to the mucosa occurs due to electrical discharge, leakage of alkaline contents, and pressure necrosis. Ingestion is often witnessed however patients may present with non-specific complaints. If ingestion is witnessed it is important to determine the battery type, number of batteries ingested, time of ingestion, and magnet coingestion. Presenting complaints may include cough, vomiting, hematemesis, abdominal pain, or chest pain. Plain radiographs should be ordered to evaluate the size of the battery and anatomic location. Button batteries appear as a double ring due to their bilaminar structure. The management of button battery ingestion depends on the anatomic location and presence of symptoms. If the battery has passed the stomach, it will often pass through the gastrointestinal tract without complication. Patients can be discharged home with instructions to seek immediate medical attention if symptoms develop. If the battery is located in the stomach, urgent endoscopic removal is indicated (within 12 hours). In case of esophageal impaction, emergent endoscopic removal is indicated. Sucralfate should be given to neutralize the esophageal pH until the battery can be removed.

Workup : Chest X-ray

Management : Endoscopic removal

Miscellaneous : Even after removal of a button battery from the esophagus there may be ongoing injury for weeks and there is a risk severe sequela such as aortoesophageal fistula.

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Flashcard 3 of 150

A 44-year-old female presents to the emergency department due to chest pain 

  • She describes the pain as severe and radiating to the back and shoulders
  • She states that she is hungover and has had several episodes of vomiting this morning 
  • Pain is exacerbated by breathing and swallowing 
  • There is crepitus on palpation of the chest and neck

What is the most likely diagnosis and its management?

Answer

Diagnosis: Esophageal perforation (Boerhaave Syndrome)
Management: Broad spectrum antibiotics and emergent surgical consultation

Explanation

Esophageal perforation is a rare gastrointestinal emergency. The most common etiology is iatrogenic perforation. It may also me caused by trauma, foreign body, tumor, or increased intraesophageal pressure (Boerhaave syndrome). Most patients present with chest pain which is described as severe, sudden onset retrosternal chest pain that may radiate to the neck, shoulder, or back. The pain is often exacerbated by inspiration and swallowing. Other presenting symptoms include dysphagia, dysphonia, hoarseness, shortness of breath, and vomiting. 50% of patients present with the classic triad of chest pain, vomiting, and subcutaneous emphysema (Mackler’s triad). Imaging is often necessary to confirm the diagnosis of esophageal perforation. Chest X ray findings are nonspecific and may include pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, pleural effusion, and subcutaneous emphysema. In stable patients who can tolerate oral intake, an esophagram with water soluble contrast is the initial study of choice. Management of esophageal perforation in the emergency department includes NPO, intravenous fluids, broad spectrum antibiotics, and emergent surgical consultation.

Workup : Chest X-ray, esophagram with water soluble contrast

Management : NPO, intravenous fluids, broad spectrum antibiotics, and emergent surgical consultation.

Miscellaneous :Antibiotics should cover both aerobic and anaerobic organisms (piperacillin/tazobactam monotherapy or ceftriaxone + metronidazole or clindamycin)

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Flashcard 4 of 150

A 65-year-old male presents to the emergency department after a syncopal episode

  • Syncope occurred while walking up the stairs of his apartment building 
  • Patient has been experiencing fatigue and presyncope for the past several days 
  • Medical history includes sarcoidosis, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia 
  • He currently feels lightheaded and is disoriented to time and place 
  • Vital signs are T 98 F, HR 46 bpm, BP 83/40 mmHg, and RR 22/min EKG is shown below

What is the most likely diagnosis and its management?

Answer

Diagnosis: second degree AV block (Mobitz) type II
Management: Atropine, cardiac pacing

Explanation

Mobitz type II is a form of second-degree atrioventricular block characterized by constant PR interval and intermittent non conducted P waves (dropped beat). Mobitz type II often occurs in the setting of underlying structural heart disease. Causes include cardiomyopathy (sarcoidosis), myocardial ischemia, endocarditis, myocarditis, hyperkalemia, and AV nodal blocking drugs. The clinical presentation is variable however patients are usually symptomatic. Symptoms may include chest pain, shortness of breath, light-headedness, dizziness, syncope, fatigue, and sudden cardiac arrest. Diagnosis is established with a 12-lead electrocardiogram.

EKG features of Mobitz II include 

  • Intermittent non-conducted P waves 
  • PR interval is constant in the conducted beats 
  • No progressive prolongation of the PR interval (as seen in Mobitz I) 
  • QRS complex is usually wide (can be narrow in some cases)

Management depends on the severity of symptoms. A decrease in heart leads to decreased cardiac output and hypotension. This can result in shock, altered mental status, and myocardial ischemia. Patients with such symptoms should be treated urgently with atropine and transcutaneous cardiac pacing should be initiated. In patients without signs of hemodynamic compromise, transcutaneous pacer pads should be placed, and the patient monitored for signs of deterioration. In both cases, the etiology of the atrioventricular block should be investigated and corrected if possible. If no underlying cause is found, or if the etiology is irreversible, a permanent pacemaker is placed.

Workup : electrocardiogram

Management : atropine, transcutaneous pacing, cardiology consultation

Miscellaneous : In Mobitz type II, 80% of patients have block located in the bundle branches and 20% have a block located in the bundle of His.

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Flashcard 5 of 150

A 6-year-old male presents to the emergency department due to left eye pain 

  • Pain and edema surrounding the left eye began two days ago 
  • Over the past few hours, he reported “seeing double” which prompted his mother to bring him the ED 
  • He recently underwent a procedure to correct strabismus 
  • Vital signs are T 100.6 F, HR 113/min, Blood pressure 100/55 mm Hg, and RR 20/min
  • . On examination there is edema and erythema of the left eyelids. The left eye is tender to palpation. Pain is exacerbated when the patient is asked to track a moving object.

What is the most likely diagnosis and its management?

Answer

Diagnosis: Orbital cellulitis
Management: Intravenous antibiotics

Explanation

Orbital cellulitis is an infectious process that involves the orbital soft tissues. It occurs more frequently in children and is often a complication of bacterial rhinosinusitis. Other causes include orbital trauma, odontogenic infection, dacryocystitis, and ophthalmic surgery. Clinical features of orbital cellulitis include orbital pain, eyelid edema, proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, chemosis, and fever. It is important to distinguish between preseptal cellulitis and orbital cellulitis. Preseptal cellulitis does not involve the extraocular muscles and other orbital contents. It does not present with vision impairment, pain with eye movements, proptosis, and ophthalmoplegia. The diagnosis of orbital cellulitis can be established based on the clinical presentation. Imaging can be used to confirm the diagnosis but may not be needed routinely. Contrast enhanced CT or MRI of the orbits and sinuses are the imaging modalities of choice. Empiric intravenous antibiotics are used in all cases of orbital cellulitis. The antibiotics of choice are vancomycin plus ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, piperacillin-tazobactam, or ampicillin-sulbactam. Metronidazole should be added for anerobic coverage if intracranial extension is suspected. Early ophthalmology consultation is also recommended. Surgical management may be necessary in cases of intracranial extension or lack of improvement with intravenous antibiotics.

Workup : Contrast enhanced CT or MRI of the orbits and sinuses

Management : Empiric intravenous antibiotics

Miscellaneous : Fungal infection should be considered in immunocompromised patients. Orbital cellulitis may be related to mucormycosis or invasive aspergillosis.

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Internal Medicine 50% - 60%

 

Internal medicine represents the majority of exam questions, accounting for approximately 50-60% of the test. The UMock Step 2 CK prep course provides a concise high-yield review of internal medicine to help you apply concepts in clinical scenarios for disease diagnosis, treatment, and next steps for management
The course includes high quality radiographic images, graphs, charts, tables, and a complete EKG review to help you understand how to apply knowledge for effective clinical reasoning on exam day.

  • Cardiovascular
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  • Gastrointestinal
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Surgery 25% - 30%

 

Surgery makes up about 25-30% of exam questions. The UMock Step 2 CK prep course presents high yield topics in a succinct and easy-to-learn format to help you understand how to apply knowledge to clinical scenarios covering differential diagnosis, surgical treatment approaches, and next steps for management.
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Pediatrics Content Review 20% - 25%

 

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The UMock USMLE® Step 1 prep course provides a condensed, high-yield review of concepts to help you fully understand normal and abnormal pulmonary processes, and how to apply knowledge to clinical scenarios relating to pathologies that affect the lungs, pulmonary function tests, ventilation/perfusion mismatch, and cell types and their function based on their location in the respiratory tract.

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Gastrointestinal Tract Content Review 5% - 9%

 

The gastrointestinal system represents roughly 5-9% of test items. The UMock USMLE® Step 1 prep course gives you a comprehensive and concise review of high-yield material to help you memorize, understand, and apply information to clinical scenarios pertaining to concepts of digestion and how one factor is affected by another, malabsorption syndromes, as well as the histopathology type of each location, and where the pharmacotherapies take action.

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  • Diseases of the Colon
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  • Diseases of the Esophagus
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Renal and Urinary System Content Review 9% - 13%

 

The renal and urinary system make up questions heavily weighted on physiology-focused concepts. The UMock USMLE® Step 1 prep course provides a high-yield review of essential concepts in a clear and concise format to help you understand and apply the connection between renal tubule physiology and the diuretics that work on the tubule, as well as applying concepts in nephritic and nephrotic syndromes to clinical scenarios.

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  • Hemodynamic
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Male Reproductive System Content Review 9% - 13%

 

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Female Reproductive System Content Review 9% - 13%

 

In the reproductive system, the UMock USMLE® Step 1 prep course covers the male and female reproductive system as well as pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium. The course provides high-yield topics concentrated on clear and concise explanations to help you understand and apply concepts to clinical scenarios associated with the hormonal pathways of the male and female reproductive systems.

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Endocrine System Content Review 9% - 13%

 

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  • Endocrine Pancreas
  • Endocrine of Pituitary
  • Endocrine of Thyroid Gland
  • Endocrine of Adrenal Glands
  • Endocrine of Parathyroid Glands
  • Multiple Endocrine neoplasia (MEN) Syndrome
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Dermatology Content Review 6% - 10%

 

In Dermatology, the UMock USMLE® Step 1 prep course gives you concise, high yield topics to help you understand how to apply basic concepts to clinical scenarios in comparing similar pathologies based on the morphology and distribution of conditions.

Every topic is covered for both normal and abnormal body-system processes with high quality microscopic views and gross images to help you visually understand the application of medicine specific to diseases in skin and subcutaneous tissue.

  • Pruritus
  • Urticaria
  • Common Rashes
  • Infestations
  • Bites & Stings
  • Hair Disorders
  • Common Neoplasms
  • Acneiform Eruptions
  • Common Skin Infections
  • Cuts, Scrapes, & Burns
  • Foot and Leg Ulcers
  • Nail Disorders
  • Disorders of Mucous Membranes
  • Autoimmune Blistering Diseases
  • Therapeutic Principles in Dermatology
  • Dermatologic Urgencies and Emergencies
  • Cutaneous Manifestations of Internal Disease
  • Dermatologic Problems of Special Populations
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Nervous System Content Review 4% to 7%

 

Exam items covering the nervous system represent about 4-7% of test questions. The UMock Step 1 Prep Course clearly explains gross anatomy and neuroanatomy and normal and abnormal processes from this area, including

  • Embryonic development
  • Fetal maturation
  • Perinatal changes
  • Neural tube derivatives
  • Cerebral ventricles
  • Neural crest derivatives
  • Organ structure & function
  • Cell & tissue structure & function
  • Repair
  • Regeneration
  • Changes associated with life stages
  • Infectious
  • Immunologic
  • Inflammatory disorders
  • Neoplasms
  • Cerebrovascular disease
  • Disorders related to spinal cord
  • Spine
  • Spinal nerve roots
  • Cranial & peripheral nerve disorders
  • Neurologic pain syndromes
  • Degenerative disorders
  • Global cerebral dysfunction
  • Neuromuscular
  • Metabolic disorders
  • Paroxysmal disorders
  • Sleep disorders
  • Traumatic & mechanical disorders
  • Increased intracranial pressure
  • Congenital disorders
  • Disorders of the eye & eyelid
  • Disorders of the ear
  • Movement disorders
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Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Content Review 6% - 10%

 

The UMock USMLE® Step 1 prep course provides the most valuable exam information with a complete and concise review of high-yield topics to help you quickly understand and apply knowledge to clinical scenarios covering the diagnosis of joint pathologies, and anatomical paths of distal branches and the muscles that they innervate.

The course features detailed tables and high quality radiologic and gross images to help you conceptualize the application of medicine for normal and abnormal body system processes and pathologies in rheumatology and the musculoskeletal system.

  • Diseases of Skeletal Muscle
  • Diseases of Bone
  • Diseases of Joints
  • Soft-Tissue Tumors
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Behavioral Science Content Review 8% to 13%

 

Behavioral science accounts for roughly 8-13% of exam questions. The UMock USMLE® Step 1 prep course helps you clarify difficult concepts in the mind-body relationship, and understand how to apply DSM-IV and DSM-5 diagnostic criteria in the manifestations of psychological disorders to various clinical scenarios with a high-yield, concise review of concepts covering every topic for normal and abnormal processes.

The course includes descriptive diagrams, tables, and images to provide a concentrated review of material to help you fully understand the application of behavioral science to clinical medicine.

  • Sexuality
  • Learning Theory
  • Beginning of Life
  • Anxiety Disorders
  • Aggression & Abuse
  • Psychosomatic Medicine
  • Somatic Symptom Disorders
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
  • Trauma & Stressor-Related Disorders
  • Substance-related Disorders
  • Sleep & Sleep-wake Disorders
  • Psychological Therapies
  • Family, Culture, & Illness
  • Psychiatrics Disorders in Children
  • Aging, Death, & Bereavement
  • School Age, Adolescence, & Adulthood
  • Psychoanalytic Theory & Defense Mechanisms
  • Depressive Disorders & Bipolar Disorders
  • Schizophrenia Spectrum & other Psychotic Disorders
  • Clinical Assessment of Patients with Behavioral Symptoms
  • Biological Assessment of Patients with Psychiatric Symptoms
  • Neurocognitive, Personality, Dissociative & Eating Disorders
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Embryology Content Review 11% - 15%

 

In Embryology, the UMock USMLE® Step 1 prep course presents high-yield content in a concise format that helps you understand and quickly recall concepts in human development and congenital malformations, and apply the connection between embryological knowledge and clinical medicine. The course further clarifies key facts and concepts to help you maximize comprehension and visual understanding in applying concepts with high quality diagnostic, radiographic, and clinical images.

  • Skeletal System
  • Muscular System
  • Upper Limb
  • Lower Limb
  • Body Cavities
  • Pregnancy
  • Teratology
  • Head & Neck
  • Prefertilization Events
  • Human Development - Week 1
  • Human Development - Week 2
  • Embryonic Period
  • Cardiovascular System
  • Placenta & Amniotic Fluid
  • Embryology of the Ear
  • Embryology of the Eye
  • Embryology of the Nervous
  • Embryology of the Digestive
  • Embryology of the Respiratory
  • Urinary System
  • Female Reproductive System
  • Male Reproductive System
  • Integumentary System
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Women’s Health and Pregnancy Content Review 3% to 5%

 

The musculoskeletal system accounts for roughly 3-5% of the exam. Learn everything covered on this section of the exam for normal and abnormal process with the UMock Step 1 Prep Course:

  • Tendon
  • Repair
  • Joints
  • Usage
  • Muscles
  • Cartilage
  • Arthritis
  • Infectious
  • Regeneration
  • Blood supply
  • Gross anatomy
  • Neoplasms
  • Embryonic development
  • Organ structure & function
  • Changes associated with life stages
  • Cell & tissue structure & function
  • Ligaments & fascia
  • Traumatic & mechanical disorders
  • Mechanism of the action of drugs
  • Fetal maturation & perinatal changes
  • Inflammatory & immunologic disorders
  • Adverse effects on the musculoskeletal system
  • Degenerative & metabolic disorders of bone
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Histology Content Review 8% to 13%

 

Histology makes up about 8-13% of questions on the exam. The UMock USMLE® Step 1 prep course offers a high-yield review condensed concepts format to help you better understand the relationship between cell structure and function to biological tissues, and effectively apply concepts to clinical scenarios on the exam. The course includes high quality micrographs, illustrations, and tables to further enhance your ability to quickly recall concepts and how they apply in clinical practice.

  • Cell Histology
  • Extracellular Matrix
  • Epithelia & Glands
  • Connective Tissue
  • Blood & Hemopoiesis
  • Histology Cartilage & Bone
  • Histology Muscle
  • Nervous Tissue
  • Circulatory System
  • Histology of Lymphoid
  • Histology of Endocrine
  • Histology of Skin
  • Histology of Respiratory
  • Histology of Digestive
  • Urinary Glands
  • Female Reproductive
  • Male Reproductive
  • Special Senses
  • Cavity and Alimentary Tract
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Anatomy Content Review 11% to 15%

 

In Anatomy, the UMock USMLE® Step 1 prep course presents the most important high-yield facts you need to memorize for the exam, and helps you understand and apply clinical correlations of the structure and organization of the body to clinical scenarios such as fractures, trauma, and injuries. The course is illustrated with high quality descriptive images of anatomic relationships to further enhance your ability to apply knowledge to concepts.

  • Perineum
  • Vertebral Column
  • Spinal Cord & Spinal Nerves
  • Autonomic Nervous System
  • Lymphatic System
  • Chest Wall
  • Anatomy of the Heart
  • Abdominal Wall
  • Kidney, Ureter, Bladder, & Urethra
  • Suprarenal Glands
  • Abdominal Vasculature
  • Abdominal Viscera
  • Anatomy of the Pelvis
  • Spleen
  • Female Reproductive
  • Male Reproductive
  • Anatomy of the Upper Limb
  • Anatomy of the Lower Limb
  • Anatomy of the Head
  • Anatomy of the Neck
  • Anatomy of the Eye
  • Anatomy of the Ear
  • Pleura, Tracheobronchial Tree, & Lungs
  • Sigmoid Colon, Rectum, & Anal Canal
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Neuroanatomy Content Review 9% to 13%

 

In Neuroanatomy, the UMock USMLE® Step 1 prep course provides high-yield concepts in a clear and concise presentation to help you thoroughly understand and apply concepts in clinical scenarios covering different pathways and tracts, patterns, distribution territories, and the results of lesions.

In Neurology, the UMock USMLE® Step 1 prep course offers a clear and concise approach to helping you understand and apply concepts to clinical scenarios with high yield concepts covering the relationship between nerves and neurotransmission, and neurologic disease

The course features high quality illustrations, detailed tables, and radiologic images for both normal and abnormal processes to help you better understand how to apply concepts for diagnosis, treatment and management of neurologic diseases.

  • Cerebellum
  • Neurohistology
  • Cranial nerves
  • Auditory System
  • Vestibular System
  • Cerebral Cortex
  • Visual System
  • Gross Anatomy of the Brain
  • Tracts of the Trigeminal system
  • Meninges & Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Development of the Nervous System
  • Olfactory, Gustatory, & Limbic
  • Autonomous Nervous System
  • Neurotransmitters & Pathways
  • Diencephalon: Thalamus & Hypothalamus
  • Blood supply of the Central Nervous System
  • Tracts & Lesions of the Spinal Cord & Brainstem
  • Tracts & Lesions of the Spinal Cord & Brainstem
  • Basal Nuclei & the Extrapyramidal Motor System
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Legal and Ethics Content Review 6% to 10%

 

The UMock USMLE® Step 1 prep course gives you a clearly explained review of high-yield topics to help you understand how to apply, and make a decision in clinical scenarios involving calculated risks, promoting the patients’ best interest, and respecting the patient’s decisions about their own health. Topics from the course include:

  • Minors
  • Abortion
  • Refusing Care
  • Confidentiality
  • Informed Consent
  • Abuse & Neglect
  • Reportable Diseases
  • Ethical Principles
  • Healthcare Legislation
  • Capacity & Competency
  • Physician Assisted Suicide
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Biostatistics and Epidemiology Content Review 4% to 6%

 

Biostatistics and Epidemiology covers roughly 4-6% of exam questions. The UMock USMLE® Step 1 prep course clarifies difficult concepts with a concise review of high-yield concepts. The course eliminates excessive detail to help you memorize and understand how to efficiently identify and extract the most important information, and apply your knowledge to concepts and formulas. The course includes high quality graphs and tables that clearly illustrate the most important and heavily tested concepts you need to know how to apply for the exam, including:

  • Research Methods
  • Hypothesis Testing
  • Descriptive Statistics
  • Differential Statistics
  • Assessing the Evidence
  • Correlational & Predictive Techniques
  • Statistics in Medical Decision Making
  • Epidemiology & Population Health
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Biostatistics and Epidemiology Content Review 4% to 6%

 

Biostatistics and Epidemiology covers roughly 4-6% of exam questions. The UMock USMLE® Step 1 prep course clarifies difficult concepts with a concise review of high-yield concepts. The course eliminates excessive detail to help you memorize and understand how to efficiently identify and extract the most important information, and apply your knowledge to concepts and formulas. The course includes high quality graphs and tables that clearly illustrate the most important and heavily tested concepts you need to know how to apply for the exam, including:

  • Research Methods
  • Hypothesis Testing
  • Descriptive Statistics
  • Differential Statistics
  • Assessing the Evidence
  • Correlational & Predictive Techniques
  • Statistics in Medical Decision Making
  • Epidemiology & Population Health
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UMock PANCE/PANRE Content

Internal medicine Surgery Pediatrics
Obstetrics Gynecology Phychiatry
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Internal medicine

 
  • Gastrointestinal System
    • Introduction to gastroenterology
    • Diseases of the esophagus
    • Malabsorption
    • Diseases of the colon
    • Diseases of the anus and rectum
    • Diseases of the biliary tree
    • Diseases of the liver
    • Diseases of the pancreas
  • Endocrine System
    • Introduction to endocrinology
    • Thyroid disease
    • Hypothalamic-pituitary axis
    • Adrenal disease
    • Parathyroid disease
    • Diabetes
  • Oncology
    • Oncology review
    • Cancers by organ system

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Surgery

 
  • Basic concepts on reproduction
    • Female reproduction
    • Male reproduction
    • Fertilization
    • Infertility
    • Managing infertility
    • Contraception
  • Antenatal risks and complications
    • Spontaneous abortion
    • Ectopic pregnancy
    • Gestational trophoblastic disease
    • Placenta previa
    • Abruptio placenta
    • Incompetent cervix
    • Hyperemesis gravidarum
    • Anemia
    • Gestational diabetes mellitus
    • Hypertensive disorders
    • Cardiac disorders
    • Torch infections
    • HIV/AIDS
    • Chorioamnionitis
    • Group B streptococcus
    • Sexually transmitted infections
  • Neonatal nursing care
    • Newborn assessment
    • Immediate newborn care
    • Physical assessment
    • Pain assessment
    • Physiological changes and nursing care
    • Newborn safety
    • Newborn nutrition
    • Client education
  • Intrapartal risks and complications
    • Premature rupture of membranes
    • Cord prolapse
    • Fetal distress
    • Vena cava syndrome
    • Preterm labor
    • Precipitous labor
    • Uterine rupture
    • Amniotic fluid embolism
    • Uterine inversion
    • Intrauterine fetal demise
    • Dystocia
  • Postpartum risks and complications
    • Postpartum infections
    • Thromboembolic disorders
    • Coagulopathies
    • Postpartum hemorrhage
    • Uterine atony
    • Uterine subinvolution
    • Retained placenta
    • Hematoma and lacerations
  • Neonatal risks and complications
    • Preterm neonate
    • Small for gestational age
    • Large for gestational age
    • Transient tachypnea
    • Birth injuries / trauma
    • Hypoglycemia
    • Neonatal abstinence syndrome
    • Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
    • Erythroblastosis fetalis
    • Mnemonics and explanation
  • Antepartum nursing care
    • Prenatal assessment
    • Physiological maternal changes
    • Psychosocial responses
    • Signs of pregnancy
    • Common discomforts of pregnancy
    • Fetal and maternal well-being assessment
    • Nutritional needs
    • Client education
  • Intrapartum nursing care
    • The labor process
    • Premonitory signs of labor
    • Electronic fetal monitoring
    • Fetal heart rate patterns
    • Paced breathing techniques
    • Stages of labor
    • Pharmacological anesthesia
    • Pharmacological analgesia
    • Obstetric procedures
  • Neonatal risks and complications
    • Preterm neonate
    • Small for gestational age
    • Large for gestational age
    • Transient tachypnea
    • Birth injuries / trauma
    • Hypoglycemia
    • Neonatal abstinence syndrome
    • Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
    • Erythroblastosis fetalis
    • Mnemonics and explanation
  • Postpartum nursing care
    • Expected maternal changes

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Pediatric nursing Content Review

 
  • Pediatric disorders
    • Integumentary problems
    • Neurological problems
    • Eyes, ears and throat problems
    • Respiratory problems
    • Cardiovascular problems
    • Gastrointestinal problems
    • Genitourinary and renal problems
    • Hematologic problems
    • Oncologic disorders
    • Musculoskeletal problems
    • Infectious diseases
    • Mnemonics and explanation
    • Image citations
  • Pediatric nursing care
    • Considerations
    • Illness and hospitalization
    • Restraints
    • Death and dying
    • End of life care
  • Pediatric assessment
    • Pain assessment
    • Health history interview
    • Physical assessment
  • Growth and development
    • Growth patterns and trends
    • Summary of developmental theories
    • Physical growth and development
  • Health promotion
    • Nutrition, dental health, sleep and rest
    • Childhood and adolescent immunizations
    • Promoting safety
    • Play and age-appropriate activities

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Drug interactions Content Review

 
  • Overview
  • Pharmaceutical Drug Interactions
  • Pharmacodynamic Drug Interactions
  • Other Types of Drug Interactions
  • Pharmacokinetic Drug Interactions
    • Absorption
    • Distribution
    • Metabolism
    • Elimination

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Pharmacogenomics Content Review

 
  • Precision Medicine
    • Biomarkers
    • Polymorphisms
    • Polymorphism Nomenclature
    • Linkage Disequilibrium
    • Tag-SNPs
    • Phase II Polymorphisms
    • Other Testing
    • Dosing Recommendation Resources

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Critical care nursing Content Review

 
  • Fundamentals of critical care
    • Definition of critical care
    • Healthy work environment
    • Rapid response team
    • Code management
    • Basic life support
    • Chains of survival
    • Adult cardiac arrest algorithm
    • Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
    • Advanced cardiac life support
    • 2020 BLS and ACLS updates
    • Code medications
    • EKG/ECG monitoring
    • Hemodynamic monitoring
    • Ventilatory assistance
    • Airway management
    • Mechanical ventilation
  • Cardiovascular disorders
    • Basic dysrhythmias
    • Carotid artery disease
    • Pulmonary hypertension
    • Sudden cardiac death
  • Respiratory disorders
    • Acute lung failure
    • Acute respiratory distress syndrome
    • Coronavirus disease
    • Intracranial hypertension
    • Herniation syndromes
    • Status epilepticus
  • Hematologic and immunologic disorders
    • Disseminated intravascular coagulation
    • Tumor lysis syndrome
    • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
  • Gastrointestinal disorders
    • Acute GI bleeding
    • Variceal bleeding
  • Endocrine disorders
    • Diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state
    • Hypoglycemia
  • Shock, sirs and mods
    • Types
    • Stages
    • Significant laboratory tests
    • Shock-specific assessment and interventions
    • Systemic inflammatory response syndrome
    • Multiorgan dysfunction syndrome
    • Mnemonics
    • Image citations

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Nursing pharmacology Content Review

 
  • Fundamentals of nursing Pharmacology
    • Basic principles
    • Drug regulation
    • Drug labels
    • Medication errors
    • Nursing responsibilities
    • Drug calculation
  • Drugs acting on the nervous system
    • CNS depressants
    • Muscle relaxants
    • Analgesics
    • Antimigraine agents
    • Anesthetics
    • Neuromuscular blocking agents
    • Antiseizure agents
    • Antiparkinsonism agents
    • Psychotherapeutic agents
    • Adrenergics
    • Muscarinic/ cholinergic/ cholinomimetic
    • Parasympathomimetic agents
    • Muscarinic antagonists/ anticholinergic
    • agents/ parasympatholytics
  • Antimicrobial agents
    • Key terms
    • Antibiotics
    • Antituberculous agents
    • Antifungal agents
    • Antiprotozoal agents
    • Anthelminthics
    • Ectoparasiticides
    • Antiviral agents
  • Drugs affecting the reproductive system
    • Women's health drugs
    • Men's health drugs
  • Drugs affecting the Cardiovascular system
    • Antihypertensive agents
    • Drugs for heart failure
    • Antiarrhythmic agents
    • Antianginal agents
    • Antihyperlipidemic agents
  • Drugs affecting the blood
    • Key concepts
    • Drugs affecting the formation of clots
    • Drugs used to treat anemias
  • Drugs acting on the respiratory system
    • Key concepts
    • Drugs used for managing upper respiratory system disorders
    • Drugs used for asthma and COPD
  • Drugs affecting the endocrine system
    • Key concepts
    • Antidiabetic agents
    • Glucose elevating agent
    • Drugs for thyroid disorders
    • Drugs affecting calcium levels
    • Drugs affecting hypothalamic and pituitary function
    • Drugs for adrenal cortex disorders
  • Drugs acting on the gastrointestinal tract
    • Key concepts
    • Drugs controlling gastrointestinal secretions
    • Antidiarrheals
    • Laxatives
    • Antiemetics
    • Drugs for inflammatory bowel disease
    • Drugs for irritable bowel syndrome
    • Other medications affecting the
    • gastrointestinal tract
  • Drugs acting on the renal system
    • Key concepts
    • Diuretics
    • Anti-infectives for the urinary tract
    • Antispasmodics
    • Drugs for benign prostatic hyperplasia
  • Drugs affecting the musculoskeletal system
    • Drugs for gouty arthritis
    • Skeletal muscle relaxants
    • Drugs for osteoporosis
  • Drugs for disorders of the eyes and ears
    • Common eye medications
    • Drugs for glaucoma
    • Drugs for macular degeneration
    • Common ear medications

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Nursing Skills and Therapies Content Review

 
  • Common tests and procedures
    • Specimen collection
    • Urine studies
    • Stool studies
    • Blood studies
    • Microscopic examinations
    • Fluid analysis tests
    • Radiologic studies
    • Ultrasonography
  • Intravenous therapy
    • Intravenous infusion
    • Blood transfusion
  • Promoting nutrition
    • Nutrition
    • Macronutrients
    • Micronutrients
    • Major minerals
    • Trace minerals
    • Malnutrition
    • Dietary guidelines
    • Nutrition across the lifespan
    • Texture-based therapeutic diets
    • Disease-based therapeutic diets
    • Vegetarian diets
    • Dysphagia and aspiration
    • Enteral nutrition
    • Parenteral nutrition
  • Perioperative nursing
    • Purposes of surgery
    • General classifications
    • Anesthesia
    • Preoperative phase
    • Intraoperative phase
    • Postoperative phase
  • Complementary and alternative therapies
    • Energy therapies
    • Biological-based therapies
    • Whole medical systems
    • Mind-body interventions
    • Manipulative and body-based methods
    • Mnemonics and explanation
    • Image citations

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Autoimmune Content Review

 
  • Autoimmune Disorders
    • Symptoms
    • Detection
    • Treatment
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis
    • Clinical Features
    • Diagnosis
    • Non-Pharmaceutical Treatments
    • Pharmaceutical Treatments
    • Patient Counseling
  • Psoriasis
    • Overview
    • Presentation
    • Treatments
    • Pharmaceutical Treatments
  • Celiac Disease
    • Cause
    • Clinical Features
    • Non-Pharmaceutical Treatments
    • Pharmaceutical Treatments
  • Multiple Sclerosis
    • Clinical Features
    • Non-Pharmaceutical Treatments
    • Pharmaceutical Treatments
    • Symptom Control Treatments
    • Patient Counseling
  • Sjogren’s Syndrome
    • Overview
    • Clinical Presentation
    • Dry Mouth Treatments
    • Dry Eye Treatments
  • Myasthenia Gravis
    • Symptoms
    • Treatment
    • Drugs that Exacerbate Myasthenia Gravis
  • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
    • Disease Course
    • Activating Factors
    • Drug Induced Lupus Erythematosus
    • Clinical Features
    • Non-Pharmaceutical Treatments
    • Pharmaceutical Treatments
  • Raynaud’s Phenomenon
    • Overview
    • Presentation and Symptoms
    • Pharmaceutical Treatment
    • Drug-Induced Raynaud’s

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The Respiratory System Content Review

 
  • Overview
    • Gas Exchange
    • Other Organs Involved
  • Anatomy and Function
    • Upper Respiratory Tract
    • Lower Respiratory Tract
  • Drug Delivery
    • Systemic Delivery
    • Localized Delivery
  • Lung Capacities
    • Spirometry
  • Homeostatic Acid-Base Balance
    • Identifying Lab Values
    • Acidosis
    • Alkalosis
    • Clinical Features
    • Respiratory Compensation
    • Renal Compensation
    • Anion Gap

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Pulmonary Vascular Resistance Content Review

 
  • Overview
    • Poiseuille’s Law
    • Mechanisms
    • Pathophysiology
    • Clinical Presentation
  • Regulation of Pulmonary Vascular Resistance

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Pulmonary Hypertension Content Review

 
  • Overview
    • Classifications
  • Clinical Features of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
    • Symptom Classifications
    • Treatment / Cure
  • Pathophysiology
    • Imbalance of Endogenous Vaso-modulators
    • Imbalance of Cell Regulation
    • Diagnosis
  • Non-Pharmaceutical Treatments
  • Pharmaceutical Treatments
    • Immunizations
    • Supportive Therapies
    • Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Stimulator
    • Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors
    • Receptor Agonists and Proteinoids
    • Endothelin Receptor Antagonists
  • Pulmonary Fibrosis
    • Overview
    • Clinical Features
  • Drug Interactions
    • Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Stimulator: Riociguat
    • Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors
    • Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists and Prostacyclin Analogs
    • Endothelin Receptor Antagonists

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Obstructive Diseases Content Review

 
  • COPD
    • Overview
    • Classification
    • Causes
    • Diagnosis
    • Clinical Features
    • Asthma Classifications
    • Non-Pharmaceutical Treatments
    • Pharmaceutical Treatments
    • Theophylline, Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists, mAbs
    • Additional Treatments
    • Special Patient Populations and Circumstances
  • Emphysema
    • Overview

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Cystic Fibrosis Content Review

 
  • Overview
    • Pathophysiology
    • Incidence
    • Inheritance
    • CFTR Mutation
    • Clinical Features
    • Non-Pharmaceutical Treatments
    • Pharmaceutical Treatments
    • Patient Counseling

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Acute and Critical Care Content Review

 
  • Overview
    • Acute Care
    • Intensive Care Unit
  • Venous Thromboembolism
    • Causes
    • Deep Vein Thrombosis
    • Clinical Presentation
    • Comorbidities
    • Prevention
  • Ventilators
    • Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury
    • Ventilator-Induced Infections
  • Common Conditions in the Intensive Care Unit
    • Pain
    • Delirium
    • Agitation
  • More Drugs used in the ICU and the Operating Room
    • Anesthetics
    • Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
    • Hemostatic Drugs
  • Pulmonary Embolism
    • Adverse Side Effects

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The Heart Content Review

 
  • Anatomy and Function
  • Flow of Blood

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Dyslipidemia Content Review

 
  • Non-Pharmaceutical Treatments
  • Pharmaceutical Treatments
    • Concerns
    • Lomitapide
    • Mipomersen
    • Ezetimibe
    • Statins
    • Fish Oils
    • Peroxisome Proliferator Receptor Alpha Activators
    • Bile Acid Sequestrants
    • Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin Kexin Type 9 Inhibitors
    • Niacin
  • Overview
    • Classifications
  • Diagnostic Criteria
    • Clinical Features

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Hypertension Content Review

 
  • Overview
  • Clinical Features
    • Pathophysiology
    • Compensation
  • Diagnostic Criteria
  • Treatment
    • Non-Pharmaceutical Treatments
    • Special Populations
    • Pharmaceutical Treatments
  • Vasodilators
    • Drug Interactions
    • Patient Counseling
  • Calcium Channel Blockers
    • Drug Interactions
    • Patient Counseling
  • Renin-Angiotensin Aldosterone System Inhibitors
    • Drug Interactions
    • Patient Counseling
  • Diuretics
    • Thiazide-Type
    • Potassium-Sparing
  • Beta-Blockers
    • Drug Interactions
    • Patient Counseling
  • Alpha-Receptor Modulators
    • Alpha-2 Adrenergic Agonists
    • Alpha Blockers
  • Acute and Critical Hypertensive Care

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Ischemic Heart Disease Content Review

 
  • Overview
  • Clinical Features
    • Pathophysiology
  • Diagnostic Criteria
  • Non-Pharmaceutical Treatments
  • Pharmaceutical Treatments
    • Antiplatelet Agents
    • Nitroglycerin
    • Antianginal Therapy

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Arrythmias Content Review

 
  • Overview
    • Clinical Features
    • Pathophysiology
  • Arrythmia Diagnostic Criteria
    • Normal Sinus Rhythm
    • Abnormal Sinus Rhythm (Arrythmia)
  • Arrythmias
    • Antiarrhythmics
    • Class I Antiarrhythmics
    • Class III Antiarrhythmics
    • Class IV Antiarrhythmics

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Myocardial Infarction Content Review

 
  • Overview
  • Clinical Features
  • Diagnostic Criteria
  • First-line Pharmaceutical Treatments
    • Fibrinolytics
    • P2Y12 Inhibitors
    • Glycoprotein Receptor Antagonists
  • Second-Line Pharmaceutical Treatments

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Heart Failure Content Review

 
  • Overview
  • Clinical Features
    • Pathophysiology
    • Compensation
  • Diagnostic Criteria
    • Classifications
    • Exacerbating Factors
  • Non-Pharmaceutical Treatments
  • Pharmaceutical Treatments
    • Nitrate/Hydralazine
    • Ace Inhibitors
    • Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
    • Loop Diuretics
    • Aldosterone Receptor Antagonists
    • Adrenergic Receptor Antagonists

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Shock Content Review

 
  • Overview
  • Classifications
    • Pathophysiology
  • Hypovolemic Shock
  • Cardiogenic Shock
  • Anaphylactic Shock
  • Neurogenic Shock
  • Treatments

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Intro to Infectious Diseases Content Review

 
  • Intro to Infectious Diseases
    • Overview

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Intro to Infectious Diseases Content Review

 
  • Identification of Bacteria
    • Shape Classification
    • Gram-Stain Classification
  • Antibiotic Selection
    • Empiric Treatment
    • Data Collection
    • Antibiotic Susceptibility
    • Combination Antibiotic Treatment
  • Common Infections
    • Sites of Infection
  • Treatment Evaluation
  • Antibiotic Use for Surgeries
    • Pre-Operative
    • Intra-Operative
    • Post-Operative
    • Procedure Based Antibiotics
  • Meningitis
    • Overview
    • Clinical Features
    • Pharmaceutical Treatment
  • Peritonitis
    • Primary Peritonitis
    • Secondary Peritonitis

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PANCE/PANRE Mock Online Course Review Exam Strategies Above the Passing Standard

PANCE Mock Online Course Review

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From students with top scores on the PANCE/PANRE

The team behind UMock PANCE/PANRE with Perfect scores

Perfect scores

Anushka

Anushka

Yale University

Anjali

Anjali

Yale University

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Casey

Neurologist

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Mike

Orthopedic Surgery

Each subject review was written by students from Yale University with perfect exam scores. Each subject is condensed into an exceptionally easy-to-learn format with engaging content to more effectively retain concepts.

Anushka

Perfect Score

She graduated magna cum laude from Yale University with a B.S. in Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology. She is currently a fourth-year medical student. She received perfect scores on the MCAT (528/528) and SAT (1600/1600), and has extensive experience for the MCAT, SAT, and AP exams. At Yale, she conducted genetics research and was the recipient of multiple research fellowships. During high school, she was a two-time finalist (top 20) in the U.S. National Chemistry Olympiad and was one of 80 students worlwide selected to attend the prestigious Research Science Institute (RSI) at MIT.

Scores:

  • MCAT: 528 / 528
  • SAT: 1600 / 1600
  • AP Biology: 5 / 5
  • AP Chemistry: 5 / 5
  • AP Physics C: 5 / 5
  • AP Calculus: 5 / 5
  • AP English Language and Composition: 5 / 5
  • AP English Literature and Composition: 5 / 5

Anjali

Perfect Score

She graduated magna cum laude from Yale University with a B.S. in Molecular, Cell, and Development in Biology and distinction in her major. Anjali Walia is a fourth-year medical student. She was also elected to the prestigious Phi Beta Kappa honor society. She achieved a perfect score (528/528) on the MCAT. At Yale, she published pulmonary research and led numerous reproductive justice advocacy efforts. She was finalist (Top 20) of the U.S. Chemistry Olympiad and obtained a perfect score on the SAT (1600/1600).

Scores:

  • MCAT: 528/528
  • SAT: 1600/1600
  • AP Biology: 5
  • AP Chemistry: 5
  • AP Physics I: 5
  • AP Physics C: 5
  • AP Computer Science: 5
  • AP Calculus: 5
  • AP English Language and Composition: 5
  • AP English Literature and Composition: 5

Casey

Perfect Score

Casey Vickstrom graduated summa cum laude from Northwestern University in 2014 with a B.A. in Biological Sciences. He is a third-year medical student in the MD/PhD program at the Medical College of Wisconsin, having completed his PhD in Neuroscience in 2020. His research focused on neural circuits and endocannabinoids related to anxiety and depression. He aims to study mechanisms of neurological diseases to identify new therapeutic targets. Casey has extensive tutoring experience for Step 1 and plans to pursue a career in neurology or related specialties. In his free time, he enjoys skiing, soccer, and spending time with family, friends, and his dog.

  • Education:
  • Northwestern University B.A.Honors
  • Medical College of Wisconsin
  • Medical Scientist Training Program (MD/PhD) at present
  • Score:
  • Step 1 - 265/300
  • ACT - 35/36
  • AP Biology - 5/6
  • MCAT - 515/528
  • Biology / Organic chem - 131/136
  • Physical Sciences - 127/136
  • Reading - 127/136

Mike

Perfect Score

  • Education:
  • Georgetown University, B.S.
  • Medical school/Residency:
  • Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, M.D.
    Orthopedics Surgery
  • MCAT: 528 / 528
  • USMLE Score:
  • Step 1 - Pass
  • Step 2CK - 245
  • Step 3 - 252
  • SAT Subject Test –
  • Biology (Molecular): 780 / 800
  • Mathematics Level 2: 780 / 800
  • Mathematics Level 1: 750 / 800
  • SAT with Essay: 2330 / 2400
  • Reading: 800 / 800
  • Writing: 770 / 800
  • Math: 760 / 800
  • Chem/Phys: 131 / 136
  • CARS: 131 / 136
  • Bio/Biochem: 130 / 136
  • Psych/Soc: 130 / 136
  • AP Biology: 5 / 5
  • AP Statistics: 5 / 5
  • AP Calculus: 5 / 5
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